fullseye

tb_spad_deadtime_apply — 2D typed op

tb_spad_deadtime_apply: input → output

図は合成の入力 128×128 で実際に走らせた出力。左が入力、右が出力。点群は上から見た散布(明るさ = z)、1-D 列は折れ線、体積は z 方向の最大値投影、動画は中央フレーム、複素画像は振幅、絵にならない返り値は値そのもの。

つまみ a を振る(0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9、もう一方は既定):

tb_spad_deadtime_apply: knob a sweep

つまみ b は出力を変えない(実測: 0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9 で同一)。

段階(前置きの op → この op。左から順):

tb_spad_deadtime_apply: stages

別の画像でも(合成シーン / 写真 / 硬貨。上段が入力、下段がその出力。つまみは既定):

tb_spad_deadtime_apply: other inputs

使い方

Distort a true photon rate by the detector’s dead time (counts lost).

After every detection a SPAD is blind for a recharge (dead) time ``tau``, so
the *measured* rate ``m`` is always below the *true* incident rate ``n``.
Two classical laws, and this op implements both:

  * **non-paralysable** (default) — an arriving photon during the dead time is
    simply lost: ``m = n / (1 + n*tau)``. Monotonic, saturating at ``1/tau``.
  * **paralysable** (``paralyzable=True``) — an arriving photon *restarts* the
    dead time: ``m = n * exp(-n*tau)``. This law **peaks** at ``n = 1/tau``
    (where ``m = 1/(e*tau)``) and then falls, so a bright scene can read
    *darker* than a dim one. That is why no inverse op exists for it (see
    :func:`spad_deadtime_correct`).

*rate_hz* is a 1-D array of true rates in counts per second; *dead_time_ns*
is the dead time in nanoseconds, defaulting to 50 — the middle of the
10-100 ns range a passively quenched SPAD occupies, and a placeholder to be
replaced by the datasheet value, never a measurement of your detector.
Returns the measured rates as a float64 1-D array of the same length.

Ground truth (pinned in the tests): at ``n = 1/tau`` the non-paralysable law
gives exactly ``n/2``; the paralysable law's maximum is exactly
``1/(e*tau)`` at ``n = 1/tau``; both reduce to ``m = n`` as ``n*tau -> 0``.

**Raises** ``ValueError``: negative, non-finite or non-1-D *rate_hz*, a
non-positive *dead_time_ns*, and a non-bool *paralyzable*.

Typed bridge of the photon op spad_deadtime_apply into the 2-D evolution registry: the same implementation, called under the op(v, a, b) convention. a drives dead_time_ns (default 50); b is unused.

参考(サンプルデータ・文献)

Studio で試す

下のプログラムは実際に走ることを確かめてある(図と同じ入力)。Studio のヘルプではこのブロックがボタンになり、その場で読み込んで実行できる。

img_to_counts 0.50 0.50
tb_spad_deadtime_apply 0.50 0.50

実行できる例(この op を実際に呼ぶ検証済みサンプル)

次の例は元の台帳 op spad_deadtime_apply を呼ぶもの。この橋渡し op は同じ実装を fn(v, a, b) 規約に合わせただけなので、挙動はそのまま当てはまる(呼び出し形だけ違う)。

型が繋がる次の op(counts を入力に取れる)

identity · tb_spad_deadtime_correct · tb_tcspc_coates_correct · tb_tcspc_irf_convolve · tb_tcspc_background_subtract · tb_dtof_depth · tb_countrate_to_counts · tb_counts_to_countrate

同カテゴリ(typed)

tb_points_to_voxel · tb_estimate_point_normals · tb_iss_keypoints · tb_project_points · tb_render_point_depth · tb_statistical_outlier_removal · tb_radius_outlier_removal · tb_voxel_grid_downsample


Provenance: ops.py — 2D operator registry. この per-op ノートは tools/opdocs.py md が自動生成(手編集しない)。

© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.